Study guide
Critical Thinking study guide
Critical thinking is the disciplined process of examining information, reasoning carefully, identifying assumptions, evaluating evidence, and reaching justified conclusions.
- Modules
- 7 modules
- Lessons
- 52 lessons
- Estimated time
- ~6-7 hours
- Key terms
- 89 key terms
How to work through it
- 1. Follow the order below. The modules build on each other — start at the top and work down.
- 2. Recall before you re-read. After each lesson, try to explain the idea from memory, then check yourself with the flashcards.
- 3. Test at the end of each module. The quizzes below show what stuck and what to review.
Full lesson outline
Module 1. Foundations of Critical Thinking
Module 2. Reasoning in the Real World
Module 3. Logic and Argument
Module 4. Thinking in Practice
Module 5. How We Know
Module 6. Paradoxes and Puzzles
Module 7. Critical Thinking in the Age of AI
Practise & review
- Glossary89 terms defined in plain language
- FlashcardsDrill the vocabulary with active recall
- Foundations of Critical Thinking quiz16 questions, graded instantly
- Reasoning in the Real World quiz14 questions, graded instantly
- Logic and Argument quiz14 questions, graded instantly
- Thinking in Practice quiz14 questions, graded instantly
- How We Know quiz14 questions, graded instantly
- Paradoxes and Puzzles quiz14 questions, graded instantly
- Critical Thinking in the Age of AI quiz14 questions, graded instantly
Key terms
The vocabulary you’ll meet, each linked to its full definition in the glossary.
- Abductive reasoning
- Ad hominem
- Anchoring
- Antinomy
- Automation bias
- Availability bias
- Bayesian thinking
- Calibrated trust
- Cognitive bias
- Cognitive offloading
- Conclusion
- Confirmation bias
- Confounding variable
- Consequentialism
- Correspondence theory of truth
- Critical thinking
- Deductive reasoning
- Deepfake
- DEFINE framework
- Deontology
- Dialectic
- Disinformation
- Divergent thinking
- Dunning-Kruger effect
- Echo chamber
- Enthymeme
- Epistemology
- Ethics of belief
- Evidence Ladder
- Expected value
- Fallibilism
- False analogy
- False balance
- False dilemma
- Falsidical paradox
- Filter bubble
- Framing
- Fundamental attribution error
- Gettier problem
- Hallucination (AI)
- Heuristic
- Human-in-the-loop
- Illusory truth effect
- Incubation
- Inductive reasoning
- Inference
- Intellectual humility
- Intellectual virtue
- Justified true belief
- Lateral reading
- Liar paradox
- Liar's dividend
- Logical fallacy
- Maester's Code
- Map and territory
- Meaningful oversight
- Mental model
- Metacognition
- Misinformation
- Motivated reasoning
- Opportunity cost
- Paradox
- Post hoc
- Post-truth
- Practical wisdom
- Premise
- Primary source
- Principle of charity
- Provenance
- Risk
- Russell's paradox
- Secondary source
- Self-reference
- Ship of Theseus
- Skepticism
- Sorites paradox
- Soundness
- Steelmanning
- Straw man
- Syllogism
- Synthetic media
- Testimony
- Trolley problem
- Uncertainty
- Unfalsifiability
- Validity
- Veridical paradox
- Warrant
- Zeno’s paradoxes